Automatic device with limited feed for the supply of internal-combustion engines



Feb. 9 1926. 1,572,737

A. MARCHANT, JR AUTOMATIC DEVICE WITH LIMITED FEED FOR THE SUPPLY 0F INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 20. 1922 2 sheets-sheet 1 m TEE M n T\ 5 E w LQT Feb. 7

1,572,737 A. MARCHANT, JR AUTOMATIC DEvIcE WITH LIMITED FEED FOR THE SUPPLY OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 20. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

AGENOB MARCHANT, JR, 01F FOUBMIES, FRANCE.

AUTOMATIC DEVICE wire: mantras snap son. was surrLY ron enemas.

F INTERNAL-COMBUS- Application filed February a0, 1922. Serial No. 537,976.

" form a part of this specification.

The present invention-relates to anapparatus for the supply of a fuel .lninture to an internal combustion engine.

Oneof the principal objects. of the invention is to supply a limited amount of fuel at. each suction stroke of the engine, this result being obtained by limiting the amount of carburant which can be withdrawn at each suction stroke of the engine. I

The invention further comprises means whereby the air can be admitted, to be mixed with the carburaut, in order to form the fuel mixture.

My apparatus can be substituted to advantage for the known types or" carbureters, and the fuel consumption can thus be reduced.

The following description and appended drawings, which are givenby way of example, set forth the invention.

Figure 1 is a general view of the apparatus according to my invention, in elevation and in partial section, adapted for an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 -3 of Fig. 1. v

The apparatus comprises two elements,

whereof one serves for the admission of fuel,

and is shown in section in Fig. 2, and the other serves for an air lnlet, as shown in section in Fig. 3; both elements are connected with a conduit f leading to the suction conduitof an internal combustion engine, 0 Fig. 1.

The element used for fuel feed consists, as shown, in Fig. 2, of two tubes perpendicularly arranged and forming a T-shaped device, the vertical tube 6 being connected by the conduit .cl, secured to said tube the a nut 01, with the inlet conduit f the fuel inlet duct ocommunicates with the middle part of the tube Z), the end of said tube being closed by the screw cap at. i Within the chamber formed by the said tube is disposed a piston j to which is secured the valve 71 whose stem traverses the said piston and is held in place by the nuts k, 7c. The said valve cooperates with a valve seat formed within the tube at the upper part, the said valve being urged upon its seat by a spring Z hearing at one end upon an internal shoulder of said tube and at the other end upon the piston f The horizontal tube a, Fig. 2, of said fuel feed element connnunicates with the said vertical tube Z) through the orifice, 0,.the

outer end of the tube t being closed by a screw cap p, l/Vithin the latter tubeis disposed the piston 9 having secured thereto the rod h which extends through the center of said screw-cap and outwardly from the tube a, and is provided upon the outer portion with the shoulder It; a' spring 9,

which bears at one end upon said screw-cap and at the other end upon said shoulder, urges the piston 9 towards the left of Fig. 2, the motion being limited by the chain 1" secured at one end to the tube a. and at the other end to a ring 0* which is movable along the rod h and can be heldin variou notches r spaced along the rod.

The element used for the admission of air,

oxygen, or like comburent, consists of a cylindrical conduit 8, whereof one end is closedand the other connected with the suction conduit f, the screw-cap a serving to couple the said conduit with the open end of the tube 8. Around the periphery of the latter are spaced apertures 6, Figs. 1 and 3. Within the tube 8 is slidable the hollow cylinder it having the portse, cooperating respectively with the said apertures, the said cylinder having secured thereto the square or polygonal rod w which is slidable in a guide piece a: of suitable shape, disposed at the coupling point of the tube 8 and the conduit f. A spring 3 bears at one end upon the arms connecting the guide piece at with a washer 01 held between the tube a and said screw-cap, and at the other end upon the bottom of the cylinder ujsaid spring urges the cylinder at against the bottom of the tube 8. The orifice A serves to connect the bottom of the tube 8 with the atmosphere 7 have the requisite capacity.

when the cylinder u is raised. A- sleeve 13 may be mounted upon the tube 8 so as to cover the ports t. as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. A coupling r-ingCis screwed upon the upper part of the tube .9 so as to hold the 'sait sleeve between the tube and the lower part of said ring.

The operation of said apparatus is as follows: v

The ring r, Fig. 2, is disposed in one of the notches r in the rod it, so that when the chain 7" is stretched'by the spring 9 the space within thetube a connectedthrough the orifice o with the interior of the tube Z) shall lVhen the engine is set in operation, the vacuum produced in the suction conduit f'will act upon the valve 2' and will raise said valve from the position shown in full lines to the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2. The piston j'will rise and will close the inlet ofthe liquid fuel 0, the lifting of the valve 2' will produce a partial vacuum in the inner portion of the tubes aand b, as these are 0011- -nected by the conduit d with the suction conduit f. j V

In the succeeding stroke, when the suction of the engine ceases, the valve ijwill dropupon its seat, this position beingshown in full lines in Fig. 2. lhe'duct 0 is again uncovered, and as a partial vacuum is pro duced in the tubes a and Z), the 'carburant will enter therein and will become partially yco'nvertedinto gas by inipinging upon .the

the tube 6.

spring Z, the valve stem i a'nd'the walls of orifice 0. In the following suction stroke of the engine the valve islifted,ithe duct' e is closed, and the whole ofthe carburant in the .tubes 0. and bis withdrawn through the conduit (l mto said conduit 7, the vaporization being completed when the carbur'ant passes between the raised valve 2 and the walls of It is obvious that according to the position of the washer r in the notches r 1. e.,

according to the position ofthe cylinder 9' in the tube a, the capacity of the latter which communicates with the interior of the tube b will have a'greater or less value, so that the volume of carburantwithin the tubes a and .7) will vary in proportion. For the same reason, the volume of carburant withdrawn .when the valve 15 1s lifted, represented by Cil whatis contained in the tubes at and 'b will tion of the piston g. Suchadjnstment varies the throw of thepiston g and consequently the eifective volume of cylinder a, so that as soon as the'valve z closes, the suction produc'e'd by piston g underthe influence of its 7 spring jgfmayi be varied according to the po-- v sition of ring fr along the piston rod h.

gines of motor vehicles, the rod 7b is connected by suitable means witlrthe accelerator pedal, so that according to the conditions of travel the driver will be enabled to vary the size of the space within the tube a and thus vary the amount of .carburant supplied to the engine. In this case'the chain 1" is nevertheless preferably maintained, and it serves'to determine the maximum displacement of the piston g and'h ence the -maximum fuel feed.

Air or] similar comburents forming the fuel mixture are admitted in the following manner:

Under the actionof the engine suction and the partial 'acuum produced in the tube f, the cylinder 14 will rise, and the ports '0 will coinciderespectively with the apertures a (position Figs. 1 and 3) and under these conditions the air .will enterthe cylinder to in the direction of the arrows, Fig.3.

'Sliould'it bedesired to increase the power of the engine and to reduce the'a'mount of air in the fuel mixture, the sleeve b-shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3 ismounted "upon the apertures and .to connect the tube at another'point along the same with an apparatus whiclnfor instance,'supplies pureoxygen. i

I claim 1. An automatic fuel inlet for internal combustion engines, comprising a chamber, means to adjust the volume of'said chamber at wilhmeans connecting said chamber with said fuel inlet, avalve' for said'i'nlet, a conduit for connecting said chamber 'with'the intake-of an engine,a valve in said conduit moved by the suction of theengineand C011" nected to and arranged to actuate the aforementioned valve to obturate said inlet, whereby the engine will only aspirate the fuel contained in said chamber.

2. An automatic fuel feed device forinternal combustion engines, comprising a chamber having a variable and adjustable volume, a second chamber connected-therewith, a piston movable in the second chamber, a valve secured' to; said piston arranged to be lifted at each suction stroke of the engine whereby connection shall be madebetween the two chambers and the suction conduit, means admitting liquid carburant to said chambers and so disposed that the carburant inlet shall be closed by said piston when the said valve is lifted, a spring to returnthe valve to its seat-when the aspiration of the engine ceases and means for the concurrent admission of air to the suction conduit of the engine.

3. An automatic fuel feeddevice'for in ternal combustion engines, comprising a cylindrical tube, a piston movable therein, means for varying the position of the piston in the tube whereby the volume of the chamber can be regulated, at second tube connected with the first-mentioned tube, a piston, movable therein, a valve secured to the same a duct for the admission of carburant within the latter tube, said duct being so disposed as to be cut oh by the piston when the said valve is lifted, meanslor connecting the tube containing the valve with the suction conduit ot the engine, a third tube connected with the suction conduit of the engine, apertures formed therein, a hollow cylinder movable in the said tube by the effect of the engine suction and ports formed in the hollow cylinder and cooperating respectively with the apertures in the tube, whereby air shall be admitted into the suction conduit of the engine.

4. An automatic fuel lnlet for lnternal combustion engines, comprising a cylinder,

a tube connected thereto arranged for connection to the suction conduit of the engine and having a fuel inlet, a piston valve in said tube controlling said inlet, a valve operated by suction of the engine and connected to said piston valve for unison op AGENOR iuARoHANT, JR. 

